|
|
Application of superabsorbents in soil and its influence on plant growth
Závodská, Petra ; Kalina, Michal (referee) ; Klučáková, Martina (advisor)
This thesis is focused on description of superabsorbents with controlled released of nutrients, specifically macronutrients nitrogen, phosphorus and kalium. Superabsorbents are polymers, mostly acrylic acid polymers, that can absorb huge amount of water without dissolving in it. In its structure they can hold water and thanks to this they are very perspective materials for agricultural usage. Experimental part was focused on growing corn with use of superabsorbents and control samples without use of superabsorbents. Plants were growth for 3 time periods, specifically 46, 60 and 74 days. During the experiments, plats were growth without water stress and in controlled conditions in growing box under UV lamp that simulated day and night by turning on and off after 12 hours. At the end, an image analysis was performed in HARFA program, from which we got information about branching of the roots. Results were supplemented by soil and plants analysis.
|
|
|
Design of WWTP at locality with extreme demands on quality of treated wastewater
Krupica, Radek ; Vachovec, Roman (referee) ; Hlavínek, Petr (advisor)
This diploma thesis deals with the wastewater treatment technologies by means of which high quality of the treated wastewater is attained, especially with regard to removing nutrients. The introduction of the thesis contains, among others, descriptions of the reserves in the Czech Republic where it is extremely important to insist on the highest quality of the discharged wastewaters. Then follows a summary of the quality requirements on the discharged wastewaters as stipulated in the legislation. Furthermore, I analyse the impact of the nutrients – nitrogen and phosphorus – on the environment and the principles of their removal from the wastewaters. In the next section I concentrate on the technological processes by means of which the required quality of the wastewater is achieved. The conclusion includes a list of technologies used as the tertiary wastewater treatments with emphasis on membrane technologies. The second part of my thesis is a study of a project of a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) with membrane technology for the villages of Sloup and Šošůvka located within the protected landscape area of Moravian Karst.
|
|
|
Use of combination of bacteria and algae for wastewater treatment
Hlavsová, Barbora ; Stříteský, Lubomír (referee) ; Hlavínek, Petr (advisor)
The aim of this bachelor's thesis is to introduce the reader to the ever improving methods of biological wastewater treatment with the use of bacteria, algae and combination of both. Further it elaborates on the promising ways of utilizing biomass gained from these treatments in various sectors, such as energetics, chemistry, pharmacy and agriculture. The second part of the thesis offers a techno-economic study of wastewater treatment using combination of bacteria and algae in a specifically assigned area.
|
|
|
Determination of the nutritional properties of paprika of different geographic origin
Kovaříková, Tereza ; Vespalcová, Milena (referee) ; Diviš, Pavel (advisor)
This master thesis deals with the analysis of nutritional properties of paprika condiment with different geographic origin. The theoretical part contains botanical description of red pepper (Capsicum annuum L.), its chemical composition, process of production of paprika and then they are described analytical methods suitable for determination of fundamental nutrional properties. Experimental part is focused on the preparation of samples and their analysis. In total, 11 samples were selected for the experiment, 5 of them had a protected designation of origin. These samples were from Slovakia, Hungary, Bulgary, Romania, Turkey and Spain. The Soxhlet extraction was used for the analysis of the fat content, Kjeldahl method was used to determine gross protein. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was chosen to determine carbohydrates and capsaicin. Induction-coupled plasma emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) was used for elemental analysis. The results were compared with each other and with available databases and literature. For comparing and finding certain connections, the principal component analysis (PCA) was selected.
|
|
|
Superabsorbents with controlled release of nutrients
Závodská, Petra ; Kratochvílová, Romana (referee) ; Klučáková, Martina (advisor)
This thesis is focused on the study of superabsorbent polymers and their ability of control release of nutrients. These polymers can absorb huge amount of water, up to hundredth times more than the original weight is. In combination with nutrients, especially nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and lignohumate, they make effective fertilizer. Due to this fact, the possibility of use in agriculture is increasing. Therefore, experiments that are researching the ability of containing the water were performed, the swelling capacity was measured. Experiments that are related to control release of nutrients were performed next. Therefore, this thesis is focused on the study of superabsorbent polymer characterisation, that can be used in agriculture.
|
|
|
Macronutrient intake in women during pregnancy
Mesteková, Štěpánka ; Hronek, Miloslav (advisor) ; Herink, Josef (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with the nutrition of women during pregnancy. Many physiological changes occur during this period and these changes need to be adequately covered to ensure proper fetal development and maternal health. The study aimed to evaluate the nutrition of pregnant women with a focus on energy, protein, lipid, carbohydrate and fluid intake and to assess whether the intake of these nutrients changes during pregnancy. The observation was performed at the Faculty of Pharmacy of Charles University in Hradec Králové from March to December 2020. The survey involved 10 women aged 25-39 years and took place during three separate periods of pregnancy. The NutriDan program was used to obtain nutritional data and statistical processing was performed using Microsoft Excel. The results of the study were compared with the recommendations in the Czech Republic. The intake of individual nutrients and energy did not differ statistically significantly during pregnancy. The obtained results show that the recommended energy intake is not covered and that the proportions of some nutrients do not correspond to the Czech standard. The energy intake of pregnant women is lower than the recommended intake of 2200 kcal / day for non-pregnant and non- breastfeeding women. Women increase protein intake, but at...
|
|
|
Application of superabsorbents in soil and its influence on plant growth
Závodská, Petra ; Kalina, Michal (referee) ; Klučáková, Martina (advisor)
This thesis is focused on description of superabsorbents with controlled released of nutrients, specifically macronutrients nitrogen, phosphorus and kalium. Superabsorbents are polymers, mostly acrylic acid polymers, that can absorb huge amount of water without dissolving in it. In its structure they can hold water and thanks to this they are very perspective materials for agricultural usage. Experimental part was focused on growing corn with use of superabsorbents and control samples without use of superabsorbents. Plants were growth for 3 time periods, specifically 46, 60 and 74 days. During the experiments, plats were growth without water stress and in controlled conditions in growing box under UV lamp that simulated day and night by turning on and off after 12 hours. At the end, an image analysis was performed in HARFA program, from which we got information about branching of the roots. Results were supplemented by soil and plants analysis.
|
|
|
Superabsorbents with controlled release of nutrients
Závodská, Petra ; Kratochvílová, Romana (referee) ; Klučáková, Martina (advisor)
This thesis is focused on the study of superabsorbent polymers and their ability of control release of nutrients. These polymers can absorb huge amount of water, up to hundredth times more than the original weight is. In combination with nutrients, especially nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and lignohumate, they make effective fertilizer. Due to this fact, the possibility of use in agriculture is increasing. Therefore, experiments that are researching the ability of containing the water were performed, the swelling capacity was measured. Experiments that are related to control release of nutrients were performed next. Therefore, this thesis is focused on the study of superabsorbent polymer characterisation, that can be used in agriculture.
|
|
|
Determination of the nutritional properties of paprika of different geographic origin
Kovaříková, Tereza ; Vespalcová, Milena (referee) ; Diviš, Pavel (advisor)
This master thesis deals with the analysis of nutritional properties of paprika condiment with different geographic origin. The theoretical part contains botanical description of red pepper (Capsicum annuum L.), its chemical composition, process of production of paprika and then they are described analytical methods suitable for determination of fundamental nutrional properties. Experimental part is focused on the preparation of samples and their analysis. In total, 11 samples were selected for the experiment, 5 of them had a protected designation of origin. These samples were from Slovakia, Hungary, Bulgary, Romania, Turkey and Spain. The Soxhlet extraction was used for the analysis of the fat content, Kjeldahl method was used to determine gross protein. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was chosen to determine carbohydrates and capsaicin. Induction-coupled plasma emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) was used for elemental analysis. The results were compared with each other and with available databases and literature. For comparing and finding certain connections, the principal component analysis (PCA) was selected.
|
|
|
Design of WWTP at locality with extreme demands on quality of treated wastewater
Krupica, Radek ; Vachovec, Roman (referee) ; Hlavínek, Petr (advisor)
This diploma thesis deals with the wastewater treatment technologies by means of which high quality of the treated wastewater is attained, especially with regard to removing nutrients. The introduction of the thesis contains, among others, descriptions of the reserves in the Czech Republic where it is extremely important to insist on the highest quality of the discharged wastewaters. Then follows a summary of the quality requirements on the discharged wastewaters as stipulated in the legislation. Furthermore, I analyse the impact of the nutrients – nitrogen and phosphorus – on the environment and the principles of their removal from the wastewaters. In the next section I concentrate on the technological processes by means of which the required quality of the wastewater is achieved. The conclusion includes a list of technologies used as the tertiary wastewater treatments with emphasis on membrane technologies. The second part of my thesis is a study of a project of a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) with membrane technology for the villages of Sloup and Šošůvka located within the protected landscape area of Moravian Karst.
|
guest ::
